Estimado
Ref: RG 3878/16. PYMES
De nuestra mayor consideración,
Por medio de la presente quisiéramos informarle acerca de la RG (AFIP) 3878/16, recientemente publicada, donde se manifiestan una serie de beneficios para aquellas empresas que puedan encuadrar como PYMES, dentro de ciertos parámetros establecidos por la misma Resolución.
A continuación exponemos los puntos salientes:
* Sujetos alcanzados
– Aquellos sujetos categorizados como empresas Micro, Pequeñas y Medianas (tramo 1), excepto para quienes desarrollen actividades de la construcción y minería.
– Personas humanas que su actividad se desarrolle en el sector servicios y sus ventas totales anuales expresadas en pesos sean inferiores o iguales al límite establecido para la categoría Micro Empresa ($ 2.500.000) según el siguiente cuadro:
Sector-Categoría | Agropecuario | Industria | Comercio | Servicios |
Micro | $2.000.000 | $7.500.000 | $9.000.000 | $2.500.000 |
Pequeña | $13.000.000 | $45.500.000 | $55.000.000 | $15.000.000 |
MedianaTramo1 | $100.000.000 | $360.000.000 | $450.000.000 | $125.000.000 |
* Beneficios
Aquellas empresas que categorizan como Micro, Pequeña o Mediana -Tramo 1- podrán acceder a los siguientes beneficios:
1) GANANCIA MINIMA PRESUNTA
Quedan eximidas del pago del impuesto a partir de los ejercicios iniciados a partir del 01/01/2017.
2) COMPUTO DEL 100% DEL IMPUESTO A LOS DEBITOS Y CREDITOS BANCARIOS
El impuesto al cheque, se podrá computar íntegramente (Micro y Pequeña Empresa) como pago a cuenta de la declaración anual de ganancias o sus anticipos. Sólo es parcial su cómputo (50%) en aquellas industrias manufactureras que encuadren como “Mediana -Tramo 1 -“.
3) PAGO TRIMESTRAL DEL IVA
Esta es una medida en la cual debe tenerse cautela. Se permite el pago trimestral del IVA, pero cada empresa deberá evaluar correctamente dicho beneficio en base a sus cobranzas. No es una medida obligatoria para las empresas, se podrá o no ejercer esta opción al momento de categorizar como PYME.
En caso de ejercerse la opción, téngase en cuenta que para abonar dicho impuesto, se utilizará exclusivamente el procedimiento de transferencia electrónica de fondos (lo que implica, por ejemplo, que no se podrá realizar planes de pagos).
4) PAGO A CUENTA SOBRE INVERSIONES
Inversiones Productivas son aquellas realizadas sobre bienes de capital u obras de infraestructura, en las formas y condiciones que establezca la Reglamentación.
El importe computable como pago a cuenta surgirá de aplicar el 10% sobre el valor de la/s inversiones productivas realizadas durante el año fiscal o ejercicio anual y no podrá superar el monto que resulte de aplicar el 2% sobre el promedio de los ingresos netos obtenidos en concepto de ventas, prestaciones o locaciones de obras o de servicios del año fiscal o ejercicio anual en el que se realizaron las inversiones y el anterior.
En caso de Industrias Manufactureras, el límite porcentual antes mencionado no podrá superar el 3%.
Por otro lado, aquellas “Nuevas Empresas” iniciadas entre el 1º de Julio de 2016 y el 31 de Diciembre de 2018, que no puedan computar total o parcialmente el importe del referido pago a cuenta, podrán imputarlo hasta su agotamiento contra la obligación que por dicho gravamen liquiden en los años fiscales o ejercicios anuales posteriores, hasta en 5 (cinco) años.
5) BONO DE CREDITO FISCAL
Se podrá solicitar (a partir de los cómputos generados desde el 01/07/2016) un Bono de Crédito Fiscal por las inversiones en bienes de capital y en obras de infraestructura por los créditos fiscales en el IVA, convirtiéndose en un bono intransferible utilizable para la cancelación de tributos nacionales, incluidos aduaneros.
* Certificado de Exclusión de Retención y Percepción del IVA
Para poder obtener dicho certificado, es importante destacar y analizar, en primer lugar, que las 2 (dos) últimas DDJJ de IVA, anteriores al pedido, arrojen saldo de libre disponibilidad, caso contrario, no podrá ejercerse la opción.
Informamos que AFIP aún no ha publicado la Reglamentación correspondiente y complementaria al respecto.
ESTUDIO CONTABLE HUNDT-BOTTAZZI
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